According to the inheritance register of the Lichtenberg district, to which Engelnstedt belonged, there were six farmers, five half-horses and eleven cottagers living in the village in 1579. During the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), the region was a theater of war. Besiegers and defenders supplied themselves from the land, sometimes without any scruples. Engelnstedt was not spared either. In November 1625, Tilly's troops were stationed there. They broke into the church to steal the supplies that the people of Engelnstedt believed to be safe there. The barely protected population in the countryside in particular suffered great hardship during the war years.

Fires were a great danger in the town and countryside for centuries. In 1746, a catastrophic fire broke out in Engelnstedt. Due to carelessness, one of the thatched roofs caught fire. Due to the strong winds, several houses and stables were ablaze in no time, and the fire threatened to spread to the church at times. A total of nine farms went up in flames.

In the middle of the 18th century, experiments were carried out in some parts of Europe with the plantation of mulberry trees for silkworm breeding. In 1753, the farmer Zacharias Friedrich Kuntze applied for one acre of surplus land to establish such a plantation. However, the attempt to breed silkworms in a temperate climate was not a lasting success in Engelstedt either.

With the start of construction of the Reichswerke Hermann Göring, which were intended to contribute to the economic independence of the Nazi regime, the character of some of the surrounding rural communities changed almost overnight. Although Engelnstedt was only a few kilometers away from the factory site, it was not affected by resettlement and only lost small areas in the Feldmark for the construction of the road, which was called Städtestraße in the post-war period.

Since September 2023, Stolpersteine in the street Auf der Graube have commemorated the fate of the Traube family, who were persecuted and dispossessed because of their Jewish ancestors.

The coat of arms designed in 2005 by Brunswick heraldist Arnold Rabbow for the district of Engelnstedt, which belongs to the town of Nord, is particularly memorable: a reindeer grows from the base of the shield, with a golden rose above its antlers. By choosing the reindeer for their coat of arms, the people of Engelnstedt are commemorating the Palaeolithic settlers of Salzgitter, for whom the reindeer was an important source of food, as well as the Engelnstedt artist and researcher Gustav Hagemann (1891-1982), who was intensively involved with the Sami cultural area. A total of three plaques with the local coat of arms have adorned the entrances to Engelnstedt since 2010.